Data for download – species and traits

Approved on 27 July 2016, updated on 14 April 2022

  1. Status and purpose of the Pladias Database

    The Pladias Database contains critically revised data on Czech flora and vegetation managed by the Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University (MUNI) and the Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences (IBOT), including data files provided by other institutions or individuals (hereafter "providers"). Its aim is to promote the use of data on plant diversity of the Czech Republic for scientific research, education, nature conservation and environmental assessment. The decisions about the concept of the database, inclusion of specific data files and data provisions are made by the Management Board of the Pladias Database (hereafter "Governing Board", Appendix 1), which follows these Rules and respects the observance of the interests and rights of the individual providers.

  2. Storing data in the Pladias Database

    The decisions about the inclusion of particular data files into the database are taken by the Governing Board. The provider is responsible for obtaining permission to transmit data to the Pladias Database from any other parties that may have property or intellectual rights to these data or their subsets. Provider of each data set specifies to what extent and under what conditions the data may be used or provided to third parties. The Governing Board supports the largest possible public availability of data while respecting the rights of providers to restrict public access to their data and securing compliance with the conditions of use set by data providers.

  3. Providing data from the Pladias Database

    The Pladias Database contains

    1. public data freely available, which can be viewed or downloaded from the Pladias website without registration;
    2. public data available after registration, which can be viewed or downloaded from the internal part of the Pladias Database after registration and login;
    3. non-public data.

    Public data (both freely available and available after registration) can be used for basic and applied scientific research, teaching, nature conservation and environmental assessment. Their potential use for commercial purposes is subject to approval by the Governing Board or the provider of particular data subsets. The use of data for the purposes of funded projects or expert reports contracts by governmental, educational and research institutions and NGOs is not considered as commercial use.

    Non-public data can be provided upon request sent by e-mail to members of the Management Board (Appendix 1). The application must contain a delimitation of the extent of the required data, a description of the purpose of their use, and specification of the planned result (e.g. publication, research report or educational presentation). If the expected data use assumes the cooperation of several people, their nominal list is added to the application. The decision about the provision of species trait data and conditions of their use for the given purpose is made by their provider or, in the case of trait data owned by MUNI or IBOT, or species distribution data, by the Governing Board.

  4. Responsibilities of Pladias Database users

    When using any data from the Pladias Database (including distribution maps) in publications, research reports or teaching and public presentations, the user specifies the data source "Pladias Database of Czech Flora and Vegetation, www.pladias.cz", and, in the scientific literature, also cites the article Chytrý et al. (2021). When using species distribution data, the user also cites the article Wild et al. (2019). When using specific plant trait data or species lists, the user also cites the original sources referred to in the Pladias Database. When using texts or images that the Pladias Database has taken from published sources (especially Flora of the Czech Republic, Vegetation of the Czech Republic, Phytocartographic Syntheses of the Czech Republic and articles with species distribution maps published in the journal Preslia), the user cites only those published sources. When using images of plants or vegetation types from the Pladias Database website, the user quotes the author of the image and the source "www.pladias.cz".

    In the case of research studies that intend to use a large part of the Pladias database or data from the Pladias database will form a substantial part of data used in the study, the leader or coordinator of the study is obliged to contact the Governing Board of the Pladias Database to discuss possible cooperation between the authors or providers of these data, even if public data were used.

    Non-public data obtained from the Pladias Database must not be transferred to other institutions or persons or posted on the Internet. The exception is sharing them with colleagues working on a project that uses specific data, which can be done after prior approval by the provider or by the Governing Board.

    The user of data obtained from the Pladias Database helps to improve the quality of the database by reporting any detected errors in the data to the Governing Board or the provider of the particular data file.

References

  • Chytrý M., Danihelka J., Kaplan Z., Wild J., Holubová D., Novotný P., Řezníčková M., Rohn M., Dřevojan P., Grulich V., Klimešová J., Lepš J., Lososová Z., Pergl J., Sádlo J., Šmarda P., Štěpánková P., Tichý L., Axmanová I., Bartušková A., Blažek P., Chrtek J. Jr., Fischer F. M., Guo W.-Y., Herben T., Janovský Z., Konečná M., Kühn I., Moravcová L., Petřík P., Pierce S., Prach K., Prokešová H., Štech M., Těšitel J., Těšitelová T., Večeřa M., Zelený D. & Pyšek P. (2021) Pladias Database of the Czech Flora and Vegetation. – Preslia 93: 1–87. https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2021.001.
  • Wild J., Kaplan Z., Danihelka J., Petřík P., Chytrý M., Novotný P., Rohn M., Šulc V., Brůna J., Chobot K., Ekrt L., Holubová D., Knollová I., Kocián P., Štech M., Štěpánek J. & Zouhar V. (2019) Plant distribution data for the Czech Republic integrated in the Pladias database. – Preslia 91: 1–24. https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2019.001.
Appendix 1 to the Pladias Database Management and Access Rules
The Governing Board of the Pladias Database established on 1 January 2016 has the following composition
  • Jiří Danihelka, danihel@sci.muni.cz, Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, and the Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences
  • Milan Chytrý, chytry@sci.muni.cz, Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University
  • Zdeněk Kaplan, kaplan@ibot.cas.cz, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences
  • Petr Pyšek, pysek@ibot.cas.cz, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences
  • Jan Wild, jan.wild@ibot.cas.cz, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences

The checklist includes taxa of vascular plants including hybrids, cultivated plants and aggregates that were used in the Key to the flora of the Czech Republic (Kaplan et al. 2019).

Data source and citation

Kaplan Z., Danihelka J., Chrtek J., Kirschner J., Kubát K., Štech M. & Štěpánek J. (eds) (2019) Klíč ke květeně České republiky [Key to the flora of the Czech Republic]. Ed. 2. – Academia, Praha.

The checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Danihelka et al. 2012) includes 3557 species (plus 194 additional subspecies) and 609 (plus 13 additional nothospecies) hybrids. Of these, 2256 species are native, 464 naturalized (228 archaeophytes and 236 neophytes) and 837 casual aliens. Further, 324 cultivated taxa of different ranks are listed.

Data source and citation

Danihelka J., Chrtek J. Jr. & Kaplan Z. (2012) Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 84: 647–811.

The checklist includes 4626 taxa of vascular plants including hybrids, cultivated plants and aggregates that were used in the Key to the flora of the Czech Republic (Kubát et al. 2002).

Data source and citation

Kubát K., Hrouda L., Chrtek J. Jr., Kaplan Z., Kirschner J. & Štěpánek J. (eds) (2002) Klíč ke květeně České republiky [Key to the flora of the Czech Republic]. – Academia, Praha.

The Catalogue includes alien (non-native) taxa of vascular plants, i.e. those that arrived in the country as a result of intentional or unintentional introduction by human activity. They are divided based on their residence time (archaeophytes introduced before the end of the Medieval vs neophytes introduced in the Modern Period).

Alien taxa are divided into three categories reflecting their position in the invasion process. Taxa that only reproduce occasionally in the Czech Republic, do not form self-replacing populations, and rely on repeated introductions for their persistence are termed casuals. Naturalized taxa are alien plants that reproduce in the wild and sustain populations over many life cycles without direct intervention by humans (or in spite of human intervention). Invasive plants are naturalized plants that produce reproductive offspring, often in very large numbers, at considerable distances from parent plants and thus have the potential to spread over a considerable area.

The Catalogue also contains other data about alien taxa, such as their geographic origin and introduction pathways.

Data source and citation

Pyšek P., Sádlo J., Chrtek J. Jr., Chytrý M., Kaplan Z., Pergl J., Pokorná A., Axmanová I., Čuda J., Doležal J., Dřevojan P., Hejda M., Kočár P., Kortz A., Lososová Z., Lustyk P., Skálová H., Štajerová K., Večeřa M., Vítková M., Wild J. & Danihelka J. (2022) Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic (3rd edition): species richness, status, distributions, habitats, regional invasion levels, introduction pathways and impacts. – Preslia 94: 447-577. https://www.preslia.cz/article/view?id=11548

The Catalogue includes alien (non-native) taxa of vascular plants, i.e. those that arrived in the country as result of intentional or unintentional introduction by human activity. They are divided based on their residence time (archaeophytes introduced before the end of the Medieval vs neophytes introduced in the Modern Period).

Alien taxa are divided into three categories reflecting their position in the invasion process. Taxa that only reproduce occasionally in the Czech Republic, do not form self-replacing populations, and rely on repeated introductions for their persistence are termed casuals. Naturalized taxa are alien plants that reproduce in the wild and sustain populations over many life cycles without direct intervention by humans (or in spite of human intervention). Invasive plants are naturalized plants that produce reproductive offspring, often in very large numbers, at considerable distances from parent plants and thus have the potential to spread over a considerable area.

The Catalogue also contains other data about alien taxa, such as their geographic origin and introduction pathways.

Data source and citation

Pyšek P., Danihelka J., Sádlo J., Chrtek J. Jr., Chytrý M., Jarošík V., Kaplan Z., Krahulec F., Moravcová L., Pergl J., Štajerová K. & Tichý L. (2012) Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic (2nd edition): checklist update, taxonomic diversity and invasion patterns. – Preslia 84: 155–255.

This table contains a list of vascular plants of the Czech Republic (Kaplan et al. 2019) with data on their origin in the Czech Republic and invasive status (Pyšek et al. 2022), Red List status (Grulich 2017) and legal protection.

Zdroj dat a citace

Grulich V. (2017) Červený seznam cévnatých rostlin ČR [The Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic]. – Příroda 35: 75–132.
Kaplan Z., Danihelka J., Chrtek J., Kirschner J., Kubát K., Štech M. & Štěpánek J. (eds) (2019) Klíč ke květeně České republiky [Key to the flora of the Czech Republic]. Ed. 2. – Academia, Praha.
Pyšek P., Sádlo J., Chrtek J. Jr., Chytrý M., Kaplan Z., Pergl J., Pokorná A., Axmanová I., Čuda J., Doležal J., Dřevojan P., Hejda M., Kočár P., Kortz A., Lososová Z., Lustyk P., Skálová H., Štajerová K., Večeřa M., Vítková M., Wild J. & Danihelka J. (2022) Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic (3rd edition): species richness, status, distributions, habitats, regional invasion levels, introduction pathways and impacts. – Preslia 94: 447-577. https://www.preslia.cz/article/view?id=11548

Data on taxon occurrence in habitats of the Czech Republic are based on the analysis of vegetation plots from the Czech National Phytosociological Database (Chytrý & Rafajová 2003) and its expert revision and completion based on the literature and field experience, especially for rare and taxonomically problematic taxa. The classification recognizes 88 basic habitats aggregated to 13 broader habitats that are defined by Sádlo et al. (2007: their Appendix 1):

  • 1 Vegetation of cliffs, screes and walls
    • 1A Calcareous cliffs
    • 1B Siliceous cliffs and block fields
    • 1C Walls
    • 1D Mobile calcareous screes
  • 2 Alpine and subalpine grasslands
    • 2A Alpine grasslands on siliceous bedrock
    • 2B Subalpine tall-forb and tall-grass vegetation
  • 3 Aquatic vegetation
    • 3A Macrophytic vegetation of eutrophic and mesotrophic still waters
    • 3B Macrophytic vegetation of water streams
    • 3C Macrophytic vegetation of oligotrophic lakes and pools
  • 4 Wetland and riverine herbaceous vegetation
    • 4A Reed-beds of eutrophic still waters
    • 4B Halophilous reed and sedge beds
    • 4C Eutrophic vegetation of muddy substrata
    • 4D Riverine reed vegetation
    • 4E Reed vegetation of brooks
    • 4F Mesotrophic vegetation of muddy substrata
    • 4G Tall-sedge beds
    • 4H Vegetation of low annual hygrophilous herbs
    • 4I Vegetation of nitrophilous annual hygrophilous herbs
    • 4J River gravel banks
    • 4K Petasites fringes of montane brooks
    • 4L Nitrophilous herbaceous fringes of lowland rivers
  • 5 Vegetation of springs and mires
    • 5A Hard-water springs with tufa formation
    • 5B Lowland to montane soft-water springs
    • 5C Alpine and subalpine soft-water springs
    • 5D Calcareous fens
    • 5E Acidic moss-rich fens and peatland meadows
    • 5F Transitional mires
    • 5G Raised bogs
    • 5H Wet peat soils and bog hollows
  • 6 Meadows and mesic pastures
    • 6A Mesic Arrhenatherum meadows
    • 6B Montane mesic meadows
    • 6C Pastures and park grasslands
    • 6D Alluvial meadows of lowland rivers
    • 6E Wet Cirsium meadows
    • 6F Intermittently wet Molinia meadows
    • 6G Vegetation of wet disturbed soils
  • 7 Acidophilous grasslands
    • 7A Subalpine and montane acidophilous grasslands
    • 7B Submontane Nardus grasslands
  • 8 Dry grasslands
    • 8A Hercynian dry grasslands on rock outcrops
    • 8B Submediterranean dry grasslands on rock outcrops
    • 8C Narow-leaved sub-continental steppes
    • 8D Broad-leaved dry grasslands
    • 8E Acidophilous dry grasslands
    • 8F Thermophilous forest fringe vegetation
  • 9 Sand grasslands and rock-outcrop vegetation
    • 9B Open vegetation of acidic sands
    • 9C Festuca grasslands on acidic sands
    • 9D Pannonian sand steppes
    • 9E Acidophilous vegetation of spring therophytes and succulents
    • 9F Basiphilous vegetation of spring therophytes and succulents
  • 10 Saline vegetation
    • 10G Continental vegetation of annual halophilous grasses
    • 10H Inland vegetation of succulent halophytes
    • 10I Inland saline meadows
    • 10J Saline steppes
  • 11 Heathlands and scrub
    • 11A Dry lowland to subalpine heathlands
    • 11D Subalpine acidophilous Pinus mugo scrub
    • 11H Subalpine deciduous scrub
    • 11I Willow carrs
    • 11J Willow galleries of loamy and sandy river banks
    • 11L Tall mesic and xeric shrub
    • 11N Low xeric scrub
    • 11R Scrub and pioneer woodland of forests clearings
  • 12 Forests
    • 12A Alder carrs
    • 12B Alluvial forests
    • 12C Oak-hornbeam forests
    • 12D Ravine forests
    • 12E Herb-rich beech forests
    • 12F Limestone beech forests
    • 12G Acidophilous beech forests
    • 12H Peri-Alpidic basiphilous thermophilous oak forests
    • 12I Sub-continental thermophilous oak forests
    • 12J Acidophilous thermophilous oak forests
    • 12K Acidophilous oak forests
    • 12L Boreo-continental pine forests
    • 12O Peri-Alpidic pine forests
    • 12P Peatland pine forests
    • 12Q Peatland birch forests
    • 12R Acidophilous spruce forests
    • 12S Basiphilous spruce forests
    • 12T Robinia pseudoacacia plantations
    • 12U Plantations of broad-leaved non-native trees
    • 12V Picea plantations
    • 12W Pinus and Larix plantations
  • 13 Anthropogenic vegetation
    • 13A Annual vegetation of ruderal habitats
    • 13B Annual vegetation of arable land
    • 13C Annual vegetation of trampled habitats
    • 13D Perennial thermophilous ruderal vegetation
    • 13E Perennial nitrophilous herbaceous vegetation of mesic sites
    • 13F Herbaceous vegetation of forests clearings and Rubus scrub

    Taxon occurrence in each habitat is assessed on a four-degree scale:

    • 1 – occurrence – the taxon can grow in the habitat, but it tends to be rare there, and the habitat is not its ecological optimum
    • 2 – optimum – the habitat or a part of it is the ecological optimum for this taxon
    • 3 – dominant – the taxon can be assigned to the previous category and at the same time it frequently attains a cover above 25% in areas of 10–100 m2 or 100–1000 m2 in herbaceous or woody vegetation, respectively
    • 4 – constant dominant – same as for the previous category but the taxon also determines the general appearance of the habitat (e.g. Calluna vulgaris in heathlands), occurring in ≥ 40% of the localities of the habitat

    Data source and citation

    Sádlo J., Chytrý M. & Pyšek P. (2007) Regional species pools of vascular plants in habitats of the Czech Republic. – Preslia 79: 303–321.

    Further references

    Chytrý M. & Rafajová M. (2003) Czech National Phytosociological Database: basic statistics of the available vegetation-plot data. – Preslia 75: 1–15.

Indicator values are expressed on ordinal scales defined by Ellenberg et al. (1991). The values for individual taxa have been modified and extended for the Czech flora by Chytrý et al. (2018). Indicator values are provided for six factors:

Light – a scale from 1 to 9, in which higher values indicate higher requirements for light. Indicator values for trees relate to juvenile individuals growing in the herb or shrub layer.

Temperature – a scale from 1 to 9, in which higher values indicate requirements for higher temperature.

Moisture – a scale from 1 to 12, in which higher values indicate requirements for more water.

Reaction – a scale from 1 to 9, in which higher values indicate taxon affinity to more base-rich environments. In acidic environments, the value can be considered as a proxy for pH, while in near-neutral or alkaline environments it is more a proxy for calcium concentration.

Nutrients – a scale from 1 to 9, in which higher values indicate higher requirements for nitrogen or phosphorus availability, or higher primary productivity of the site.

Salinity – a scale from 0 to 9, in which higher values indicate higher tolerance to conditions with high concentration of soluble salts, especially sulphates, chlorides and carbonates of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium.

The dataset for download contains the variables L, T, M, R, N and S with numerical values for all taxa except parasitic epiphytes, while in the variables Lx, Tx, Mx, Rx and Nx the numerical value is replaced by “x” in generalists. In any calculations of site mean indicator values, we recommend to use the latter set of variables and consider “x” as missing values, because inclusion of generalist decreases accuracy of prediction of environmental conditions. We did not define any generalists for salinity, therefore the site mean indicator values for salinity should be calculated using the variable S; in this case it is important that the zero values are included in calculations.

Data source and citation

Chytrý M., Tichý L., Dřevojan P., Sádlo J. & Zelený D. (2018) Ellenberg-type indicator values for the Czech flora. – Preslia 90: 83–103.

Further references

Ellenberg H., Weber H. E., Düll R., Wirth V., Werner W. & Paulißen D. (1991) Zeigerwerte von Pflanzen in Mitteleuropa. – Scripta Geobotanica 18: 1–248.

Height – download

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Life form – download

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Dispersal unit (diaspore) – download

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Dispersal strategy – download

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Type of clonal growth organ – download

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Freely dispersible organs of clonal growth – download

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Shoot life span (cyclicity) – download

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Branching type of stem-derived organs of clonal growth – download

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Primary root – download

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Persistence of the clonal growth organ – download

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Number of clonal offspring – download

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Lateral spreading distance by clonal growth – download

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Clonal index – download

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Position of root buds – download

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Role of root buds in life-history of a plant – download

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Bud bank

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Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds excluded) – download

Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds excluded) – download

Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds excluded) – download

Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds excluded) – download

Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds exluded) – download

Number of buds per shoot at the soil surface (root buds included) – download

Number of buds per shoot at a depth of 0–10 cm (root buds included) – download

Number of buds per shoot at a depth greater than 10 cm (root buds included) – download

Size of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) – download

Depth of the belowground bud bank (root buds included) – download

Indicator values for disturbance

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Whole-community disturbance frequency indicator value – download

Herb layer disturbance frequency indicator value – download

Whole-community disturbance severity indicator value – download

Herb layer disturbance severity indicator value – download

Whole-community structure based disturbance indicator value – download

Herb layer structure-based disturbance indicator value – download

Affinity to the forest environment

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Affinity to the forest environment in Thermophyticum – download

Affinity to the forest environment in Mesophyticum and Oreophyticum – download

Diagnostic taxon

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Diagnostic taxon of classes – download

Diagnostic taxon of alliances – download

Diagnostic taxon of associations – download

Constant taxon

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Constant taxon of classes – download

Constant taxon of alliances – download

Constant taxon of associations – download

Dominant taxon

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Dominant taxon of associations – download

Ecological specialization indices

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Ecological specialization index for all vegetation types – download

Ecological specialization index for non-forest vegetation – download

Ecological specialization index for forest vegetation – download

Taxon weight for ESI for all vegetation types – download

Taxon weight for ESI for non-forest vegetation – download

Taxon weight for ESI for forest vegetation – download

Colonization ability

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Index of colonization success (ICS) – download

Index of colonization potential (ICP) – download

Optimum successional age [years] – download

Red List 2017 (national categories) – download

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Red List 2017 (IUCN categories) – download

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Legal protection – download

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Red List 2012 – download

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